On a rapidly rotating wheel throwing machine, a lump of clay is repeatedly polished by a potter, and gradually forms a fine ceramic product; in the field of industrial manufacturing, workers can use a piece of ordinary metal plate to press into thin and light curved thin-walled parts, such as lampshades, shells, orchestral instruments, sports kettles, deep barrel pots… So how are these thin-walled parts made? Today, the editor will introduce this processing technology: spinning.
Spinning is a process with little or no cutting that uses the feed movement of tools such as spinning wheels to pressurize the metal blank (metal sheet or pipe) that rotates with the spindle of the machine tool to produce continuous local plastic deformation, thereby forming the required hollow rotating body parts. Spinning technology is a manufacturing process that uses rotating pressure to bend the workpiece into a specific shape. The spinning machine consists of two upper and lower wheels.
The workpiece rotates between the two wheels and is bent by pressure deformation. This process has the characteristics of low forming force, simple forming tools, small dimensional tolerance, high material utilization rate, low cost, and excellent product performance. It is easy to achieve lightweight and flexible products and is widely used in aerospace, military equipment, vehicles, metal pipes, connecting rods, bearings, household appliances and other manufacturing fields.
The traditional classification standard of china metal spinning technology is mainly based on the deformation characteristics of metal materials, the relative position of the spinning wheel and the blank, and whether heating is required.
(1) According to the deformation characteristics of the metal material of the spun parts, it can be divided into ordinary spinning and high-power spinning.
In the ordinary spinning process, the metal blank shrinks or expands in diameter, while the wall thickness remains unchanged or changes slightly. This process is mainly used to process simple-shaped products such as cylindrical parts and hemispheres.
It is most widely used in the civilian field, such as utensils, tableware, and some parts with low precision requirements; in the high-power spinning process, not only the shape of the metal blank changes, but also the wall thickness changes significantly.
It is suitable for processing various products with complex shapes such as cylindrical, conical, and special-shaped shells, mainly meeting the manufacturing of large precision thin-walled rotating parts in the aerospace, shipbuilding, nuclear industry, chemical industry and other industries.
(2) According to the relative position of the spinning wheel and the blank, it can be divided into internal spinning and external spinning. The traditional spinning method is to place the core mold inside the workpiece, and the spinning wheel spins from the outside of the workpiece to deform it, so it is called external spinning.
However, in some special cases, it is necessary to replace the position of the core mold and the spinning wheel relative to the workpiece, thus forming an internal spinning method. Such as expansion spinning, bulging spinning, rib pressing spinning, etc.
(3) According to whether heating is performed during the spinning process, it can be divided into cold spinning (room temperature spinning) and heated spinning. General metal materials can be spun at room temperature. After cold spinning, the mechanical properties of the workpiece are enhanced, which is manifested in a significant increase in fracture strength, fatigue strength, yield strength and hardness, but the plasticity is reduced.
Hot spinning is mainly used for spinning some refractory metals with poor plasticity at room temperature, such as titanium, tungsten, molybdenum and other metals and alloys. In addition, some special spinning processes, such as gas cylinder closing and bottom sealing, must be carried out under heating.
(1) High precision and high quality
Spinning is an integral forming technology with very small tolerances. High precision ensures the consistency of product size and shape and improves the overall quality of the product. The strength and hardness of the material after spinning are 3 times higher than that of the parent material. 0% or more, good mechanical properties, and can meet high-demand engineering applications.
(2) High material utilization and low cost
Spinning technology does not require cutting of the blank, with high material utilization, and the cost of the forming mold is more than one-fifth of that of the stamping mold, which reduces the production cost. Spinning can be used in conjunction with stamping, shearing, ultrasonic cleaning, electroplating and other processes to achieve better economic benefits.
(3) High space utilization
Compared with parts of the same strength, the parts after spin forming are small in size and light in weight, which can save more space.
The continuous development of spinning technology has greatly improved the manufacturing capacity and process level of complex thin-walled shells. In order to meet the urgent needs of aerospace, national defense, military and nuclear industries for high-performance parts To meet the needs, spinning technology and spinning equipment are constantly moving towards the goal of lightweight, high performance and high reliability of manufacturing components. The following are several important research directions of spinning technology in recent years:
(1) Research on the coordinated technology of multiple process parameters. The spinning forming process is a complex continuous plastic forming process under the mutual coupling of multiple factors. The final forming size and performance of the spun part are closely related to multiple process parameters such as the motion trajectory of the spinning wheel, spinning speed, spinning temperature, thinning rate, feed speed, etc., and are affected by multiple factors such as the deformation resistance, rebound force and metal fluidity of the blank.
When processing difficult-to-deform materials, unreasonable spinning process parameters are likely to cause defects such as cracking, bulging, bulging, wrinkling, and flanging of components. Therefore, increasing the research on the coordinated technology of multiple process parameters of spinning technology is necessary. The in-depth analysis of the forming mechanism of spun parts is an important development direction in the future.
(2) Cross-scale material flow analysis under multi-energy field coupling. At present, the plastic deformation theory of spinning is mostly based on two-dimensional plane theoretical components, which cannot meet the increasingly complex spinning forming process. The actual spinning forming process involves the complex deformation mechanism of the material under the coupling of heat and force.
The evolution of the internal structure of the spun part material occurs continuously during the processing process, which will determine the shape and performance of the final component. Therefore, developing a spinning model under the macro-micro-micro-nano cross-scale and multi-energy field coupling deformation mechanism to reveal the forming mechanism of the component in the spinning forming process is of great guiding significance for improving the level of spinning manufacturing technology.
(3) Develop large-size, high-precision and digital spinning equipment. In order to meet the needs of aerospace for large-size, high-precision and high-performance spun parts, future spinning equipment will gradually develop in the direction of large size, high precision and digitalization.
Compared with traditional spinning equipment, more advanced spinning equipment will be equipped with advanced digital devices such as online dimension monitoring system based on machine vision, component heating and temperature control system, spinning numerical simulation and process decision system, and continuously improve the motion accuracy and execution stability of each mechanism of the equipment to improve the manufacturing performance of spinning equipment.
2. Advantages of spinning technology
1. Efficient production: Spinning technology is a very efficient production method that can complete the processing of a large number of workpieces in a short time and improve production efficiency.
2. Strong reliability: Spinning process is a relatively simple, stable and reliable manufacturing technology that can ensure high quality and high performance of products and reduce unnecessary waste and mistakes.
3. Save materials: Spinning process can maximize the use of raw materials by rotating, pressing and stretching metal sheets, and can also avoid various wastes and save production costs.
China’s best spinning factory – BE-CU Metal Spinning Factory
BE-CU is a AS9100D ISO 9001:2015 Global Turn-Key Solution of Spun and Machined metal components for Aerospace, Defense, Industrial & Commercial Manufacturers. ITAR Registered. Our CNC spinning equipment are fully automated machines and capable of sheet metal spinning, trimming and beading all in one process.
Copper spinning and aluminum spinning symmetrically round items is what we do most. Stainless Steel spinning is very popular for the pharmaceutical and food service parts we make. If you need to produce a symmetrical metal part without seams and with minimal tooling costs, metal spinning is a great option. please contact us—our qualified staff is available to answer any questions.Be-Cu provides the highest standard of precision spinning and china rapid prototyping service for all your needs. Contact us today to know more about what we offer!
- Sales: Bella
- Web:be-cu.com
- Phone: +86 151 1280 7161
- Email: [email protected]
- Affiliated: Be-cu Prototype
- Address: Dongguan,China
Lois Lane is a professional blogger and a seasoned Content writer for wellhousekeeping.com. With a passion for simplifying complex Home Decor topics, he provides valuable insights to a diverse online audience. With four years of experience, Lois has polished his skills as a professional blogger.
